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28th Infantry Division

“Roll On” has long been the slogan of Pennsylvania’s “Keystone” Division, but for a while in December 1944 it looked as if “Hold On” would be more appropriate. At that time, the 28th, with five months of fighting in France, Belgium, Luxembourg, and Germany already behind it, was deployed along a 25-mile stretch of the Our River, from northeastern Luxembourg to Wallenstein, Germany. And at that time Rundstedt launched the full fury of his counteroffensive against the Keystone’s lines. On the first day, five crack German divisions flung themselves over the Our, and within a few days the 28th was single-handedly fighting no less than nine enemy divisions. It held on, though, and one correspondent in the area later called its stand “one of the greatest feats in the history of the American Army.”

The 28th, whose nickname is taken from its parent state, had an impressive record in World War I, too. Noted for its fighting in the Meuse-Argonne area, perhaps its greatest single feat was the rescue of the famous Lost Battalion of the 77th Division in the Argonne. Twenty-six years later, the 28th came back to France after having sailed for Europe in October 1943, and having trained in Wales and England for the invasion of the Continent.

The Keystone Division struck its first blow at the enemy on July 22, 1944, shortly after its landing in Normandy. The fury of its assaults on enemy positions led the Germans, who felt that “Keystone” was an inadequately savage description of the 28th’s red shoulder patch, to call the division the “Bloody Bucket” outfit. After worming its way laboriously through the hedgerows, the Division broke loose and rolled through France, overrunning Verneuil, Breteuil, Damville, and other cities. It mopped up large numbers of Germans trapped west of the Seine River by the swift Allied advance, and, on August 29 entered Paris, a few days after the city’s liberation.

On September 6, the 28th crossed the Meuse, scene of much of its fighting in World War I, went on over the Belgian border, and then fanned out into Luxembourg, averaging 17 miles a day. In mid-September, it became the first division to enter Germany in strength. In November, the 28th cleaned up the Hürt gen Forest, and at the end of the month moved back to the front lines and took up positions along the Our. It was then that it was hit by the Ardennes offensive. Badly battered, the 28th nevertheless kept on fighting determinedly until it was relieved, by which time it had held on so long that the timetable for the enemy breakthrough had been irreparably upset.

After resting and reorganizing, the Division went back to the fight early in 1945. The Keystoners smashed across the Rhine-Rhône Canal and, by February, had taken up positions along the Olef River, near Schleiden. In March, the 28th moved on to the Ahr River, and two months later, as the fight ended, had penetrated into Kaiserslautern.

From Fighting Divisions, Kahn & McLemore, Infantry Journal Press, 1945-1946.

28th Infantry Division World War II Missing in Action

There are 142 soldiers of the 28th Infantry Division World War II still listed as missing in action.

  Private First Class Herman B. Ballard 110th Infantry Regiment 12/21/1945
  Private Albert J. Bannister 112th Infantry Regiment 04/11/1945
  Private First Class Harley E. Barney 112th Infantry Regiment 11/07/1945
  Staff Sergeant Lawrence J. Bates 112th Infantry Regiment 11/08/1944
  Sergeant Elmer S. Beck 109th Infantry Regiment 09/16/1945
  Private First Class William E. Bolynn 109th Infantry Regiment 09/15/1944
  Second Lieutenant Jack W. Brown 112th Infantry Regiment 11/09/1945
  Private Joseph J. Brzezicki 109th Infantry Regiment 09/11/1945
  Private Joseph T. Byers 110th Infantry Regiment 08/20/1945
  Staff Sergeant Leo L. Cannon 112th Infantry Regiment 11/08/1944
  Private Joseph Carson 112th Infantry Regiment 11/04/1945
  Sergeant Richard J. Connolly 109th Infantry Regiment 08/08/1945
  Private First Class Leonard Cuellar 112th Infantry Regiment 11/09/1945
  Private First Class Michael Cuozzo 112th Infantry Regiment 11/04/1944
  Private First Class Kenneth J. Dagman 28th Military Police Platoon 03/27/1945
  Private First Class Dominic De Giorgio 109th Infantry Regiment 09/17/1944
  Private James M. Derflinger 109th Infantry Regiment 11/03/1945
  Private First Class Marvin E. Dickson 110th Infantry Regiment 11/14/1945
  Private Henry M. Digby 109th Infantry Regiment 12/19/1945
  Private First Class John W. Dixon 109th Infantry Regiment 09/14/1944
  Technician Fourth Grade John P. Earley Band 12/23/1945
  Private Herbert W. Edwards 110th Infantry Regiment 11/12/1945
  Staff Sergeant John J. Farrell 112th Infantry Regiment 11/09/1945
  Private Charles B. Feidler 109th Infantry Regiment 11/19/1945
  Private First Class Alfred J. Fernandes 109th Infantry Regiment 11/06/1944
  Private First Class Vincent J. Ferrara 110th Infantry Regiment 11/15/1945
  Corporal Frank J. Firenza 112th Infantry Regiment 12/16/1944
  Staff Sergeant John F. Flick 112th Infantry Regiment 08/03/1944
  Private First Class Elijah D. Flowers 110th Infantry Regiment 12/23/1944
  Private Lawrence M. Frohlich 110th Infantry Regiment 12/16/1944
  Private Floyd A. Fulmer 110th Infantry Regiment 11/15/1945
  Private George H. Funk 110th Infantry Regiment 12/16/1944
  Staff Sergeant Woodrow F. Gerdes 110th Infantry Regiment 11/10/1945
  Private William R. Giles 109th Infantry Regiment 11/04/1944
  Private First Class Glenn S. Goodwin 110th Infantry Regiment 12/21/1945
  Staff Sergeant Paul A. Gregg 109th Infantry Regiment 12/19/1945
  Corporal Joseph H. Gunnoe 112th Infantry Regiment 11/10/1945
  Sergeant Walter A. Hall 110th Infantry Regiment 10/04/1944
  Private First Class Dewey W. Harris 110th Infantry Regiment 11/15/1945
  Private Alevin A. Hathaway 109th Infantry Regiment 11/06/1944
  Private William B. Hawn 103rd Engineer Combat Battalion 12/17/1944
  Private Wilder L. Hendricks 112th Infantry Regiment 11/09/1945
  Staff Sergeant George B. Hensley 112th Infantry Regiment 11/02/1944
  Sergeant Lemuel H. Herbert 112th Infantry Regiment 11/07/1944
  Private First Class John S. Herman 112th Infantry Regiment 12/16/1944
  Private First Class William H. Heurich 112th Infantry Regiment 11/05/1944
  Private Walker Hines 112th Infantry Regiment 11/04/1945
  Sergeant Doyle C. Honea 109th Infantry Regiment 09/16/1945
  Technician Fourth Grade Quan Hong 112th Infantry Regiment 11/11/1944
  Private First Class Edward J. Hook 109th Infantry Regiment 09/16/1945
  Private Ray J. Hughey 110th Infantry Regiment 10/05/1945
  Private George A. Jacob 109th Infantry Regiment 02/26/1945
  Sergeant Edward T. Jones 112th Infantry Regiment 11/09/1945
  Corporal Raymond J. Jurgens 110th Infantry Regiment 12/21/1945
  Staff Sergeant Leonard V. Kacprzak 112th Infantry Regiment 12/16/1944
  Private Joseph E. Kennedy 112th Infantry Regiment 11/09/1945
  Private First Class John F. Kevedras 112th Infantry Regiment 08/10/1944
  Private First Class Carl F. Kime 112th Infantry Regiment 11/09/1945
  Staff Sergeant Charles H. Knecht 109th Infantry Regiment 11/06/1944
  Sergeant Gregory V. Knoll 112th Infantry Regiment 11/07/1944
  Private Sidney M. Krashen 110th Infantry Regiment 03/31/1945
  Technician Fifth Grade Felix J. Kurmas 108th Field Artillery Battalion 02/07/1946
  Private First Class Elmer W. Land 109th Infantry Regiment 09/16/1945
  Private Alfred T. Langevin 109th Infantry Regiment 11/07/1945
  Private First Class Roy Larney 110th Infantry Regiment 12/21/1945
  Technician Fifth Grade Haldon E. Lawrence 110th Infantry Regiment 02/01/1946
  Private First Class Michael Loncar 112th Infantry Regiment 11/09/1945
  Private Joseph Luciano 109th Infantry Regiment 09/16/1945
  Private James F. Lynn 109th Infantry Regiment 09/15/1944
  Private First Class Donald E. Mangan 112th Infantry Regiment 09/17/1944
  Private Joseph M. Markley 110th Infantry Regiment 12/21/1945
  Private Henry E. Marquez 112th Infantry Regiment 11/04/1944

  Private Herman C. Marr 110th Infantry Regiment 12/21/1945
  Private James L. Marshall 112th Infantry Regiment 11/09/1945
  Second Lieutenant Ernest E. Martin 109th Infantry Regiment 11/11/1945
  Private First Class Shelly S. Martin 110th Infantry Regiment 10/05/1945
  Sergeant Richard O. Matthiessen 110th Infantry Regiment 10/04/1944
  Private First Class John F. Maurin 112th Infantry Regiment 11/04/1945
  Private Charles E. McElyea 109th Infantry Regiment 12/17/1944
  Private Paul W. McMahon 109th Infantry Regiment 03/04/1945
  Private First Class Richard A. Meech 109th Infantry Regiment 11/06/1944
  Private Joseph C. Merlock 112th Infantry Regiment 11/09/1945
  First Sergeant William E. Merrick 112th Infantry Regiment 09/19/1944
  Private First Class Norris A. Meyer 110th Infantry Regiment 12/21/1945
  Private David R. Michaels 109th Infantry Regiment 09/16/1945
  Private Robert O. Miller 110th Infantry Regiment 10/05/1945
  Second Lieutenant William S. Miller 112th Infantry Regiment 12/23/1944
  Private Owen G. Minnix 109th Infantry Regiment 09/16/1945
  Private First Class Robert L. Mohr 109th Infantry Regiment 05/07/1945
  Private William R. Monk 109th Infantry Regiment 09/18/1945
  Private First Class Bill Morrison 110th Infantry Regiment 11/08/1944
  Technical Sergeant Thomas O. Moss 112th Infantry Regiment 11/07/1944
  Sergeant Albert Murr 112th Infantry Regiment 11/09/1945
  Private First Class James L. O'Bryant 112th Infantry Regiment 11/09/1945
  Private First Class Sherwin W. Olsen 109th Infantry Regiment 12/23/1945
  Private Armand L. Ouillet 110th Infantry Regiment 09/13/1944
  Private Otto R. Parrish 110th Infantry Regiment 10/05/1945
  Private First Class Ory S. Patten 110th Infantry Regiment 10/01/1945
  Private First Class Lyle Paxton 109th Infantry Regiment 11/06/1944
  Private First Class Edwin F. Perdue 109th Infantry Regiment 12/19/1944
  Technical Sergeant Bruce M. Pitman 112th Infantry Regiment 11/08/1944
  Private First Class Lewis E. Price 109th Infantry Regiment 11/07/1945
  Private Earl H. Richardson 112th Infantry Regiment 11/05/1945
  Private Edward Ricks 112th Infantry Regiment 12/21/1945
  Private First Class Larry E. Roberts 112th Infantry Regiment 09/17/1944
  Private First Class Mickel N. Robinson 110th Infantry Regiment 12/18/1944
  Private First Class Julian H. Rogers 112th Infantry Regiment 11/04/1944
  Private First Class Warren W. Schneider 110th Infantry Regiment 12/26/1944
  Staff Sergeant George S. Schroyer 109th Infantry Regiment 09/14/1944
  Private Gustave J. Seiler 112th Infantry Regiment 11/08/1944
  Private First Class Bernard E. Shannon 112th Infantry Regiment 11/09/1945
  Private Howard F. Sheffer 110th Infantry Regiment 11/12/1945
  Private First Class William L. Simon 109th Infantry Regiment 11/05/1944
  Staff Sergeant Edward P. Skinner 109th Infantry Regiment 09/14/1944
  First Lieutenant Theodore Slobodzian 103rd Engineer Combat Battalion 12/18/1944
  Private Simon F. Stallings 112th Infantry Regiment 09/17/1944
  Private First Class Edward J. Stevens 112th Infantry Regiment 12/02/1944
  Private Oscar Strauss 110th Infantry Regiment 10/06/1945
  Corporal George F. Taylor 110th Infantry Regiment 09/21/1945
  Private First Class Roy S. Thoren 110th Infantry Regiment 12/21/1945
  Staff Sergeant Max W. Thurston 109th Infantry Regiment 11/06/1944
  Private Norbert C. Tice 110th Infantry Regiment 12/21/1945
  Private Thoma Triantafilakos 110th Infantry Regiment 08/25/1944
  Private James I. Trick 109th Infantry Regiment 11/04/1944
  Private David H. Trotter 112th Infantry Regiment 11/04/1944
  Private James W. Turner 112th Infantry Regiment 11/10/1945
  Private Evaristo E. Valdez 112th Infantry Regiment 11/02/1944
  Private Richard L. Ward 112th Infantry Regiment 11/08/1944
  Sergeant Howard R. Watson 109th Infantry Regiment 03/30/1945
  Private Sydney E. Weaver 112th Infantry Regiment 11/09/1945
  Private First Class Norman E. Wegner 112th Infantry Regiment 11/09/1945
  First Lieutenant Clarence E. West 109th Infantry Regiment 11/06/1945
  Private Harry W. Wilder 110th Infantry Regiment 11/15/1945
  Technician Fifth Grade Carl D. Williamson 109th Infantry Regiment 09/18/1944
  Private Arnold H. Wilmoth 112th Infantry Regiment 11/09/1944
  Private First Class Mark P. Wilson 112th Infantry Regiment 11/08/1944
  Private First Class Gerald F. Wipfli 112th Infantry Regiment 11/09/1945
  Technical Sergeant Cliffe H. Wolfe 109th Infantry Regiment 11/17/1944
  Staff Sergeant Clarence E. Wren 109th Infantry Regiment 09/17/1945
  Private Ottie C. Yant 110th Infantry Regiment 01/31/1946
  Private Willie T. Young 110th Infantry Regiment 03/05/1945
  Second Lieutenant Robert H. Zwicky 112th Infantry Regiment 09/17/1944

28th Infantry Division World War II Recovered Missing in Action

There are 3 soldiers of the 28th Infantry Division World War II that have been identified and recovered.

 Private Lyle W. Reab 112th Infantry Regiment Missing: 11/09/1944, Recovered: 6/1/2018
 Private First Class John J. Sitarz 110th Infantry Regiment Missing: 11/02/1944, Recovered: 2018
 Private First Class Lawrence E. Worthen 112th Infantry Regiment Missing: 09/17/1944, Recovered: 4/2019

"Bloody Bucket Division"

"Keystone Division"

The red keystone, official emblem of the State of Pennsylvania, is the official shoulder sleeve insignia of the 28th Division which was originally a Pennsylvania National Guard organization. The Germans called it the "Bloody Bucket" because of the blood-red keystone insignia and vicious fighting tactics during the Normandy Campaign.

Motto: "Fire and Movement"

COMMAND AND STAFF

Commanding General

18 Oct 1943  Maj Gen Lloyd D Brown 
13 Aug 1944  Brig Gen James E Wharton 
14 Aug 1944 Brig Gen Norman D Cota
26 Sep 1944 Maj Gen Norman D Cota

Assistant Div Commdr

18 Oct 1943  Brig Gen Kenneth Buchanan 
31 Aug 1944 Brig Gen George A Davis
1 Mar 1945 Brig Gen Edmund B Sebree

Arty Comdr

18 Oct 1943  Brig Gen Basil H Perry 

CofS

18 Oct 1943  Col Charles H Valentine 
7 Dec 1944 Col Jesse L Gibney

ACofS G-1

15 Dec 1943 Lt Col Forrest Caraway
14 Apr 1945 Lt Col Lauren W Merriam

ACofS G-2

15 Dec 1943  Lt Col Harry S Messec 
17 Apr 1945 Maj David Y Hurwitz

ACofS G-3

15 Dec 1943  Lt Col Thomas E Briggs 
1 Nov 1944 Lt Col Benjamin J Tarpani
1 Dec 1944 Lt Col Thomas E Briggs
27 Dec 1944 Maj Carl W Plitt
7 Mar 1945 Lt Col Carl W Plitt
7 May 1945 Lt Col William f Train

ACofS G-4

15 Dec 1943  Lt Col John C Davis 
1 Nov 1943 Maj Harry S Manry
31 Aug 1944 Lt Col Harry S Manry

ACofS G-5

31 May 1944  Maj John M Gregory
15 Jun 1944 Maj Norman R S Thompson
7 Mar 1945 Lt Col Norman R S Thompson

Adj Gen

15 Dec 1943  Lt Col Paul M Kienzie

CO 109th Inf

May 1945 Col James E Rudder

CO 110th Inf

May 1945  Col Daniel B Strickler 

CO 112th Inf

May 1945 Col Gustin M Nelson

 

STATISTICS

Chronology

Inducted
17 Feb 41
Arrived ETO
18 Oct 43
Arrived Continent (D/48) 
24 Jul 44 
Entered Combat:   
First Elements 
22 Jul 44 
Entire Division 
27 Jul 44 
Days in Combat 
196 

Casualties (Tentative)

Killed
1,901 
Wounded
9,157 
Missing
2,599 
Captured
2,247 
Battle Casualties
15,904 
Non-Battle Casualties
8,936 
Total Casualties
24,840 
Percent of T/O Strength
176.3 

Campaigns

  • Normandy
  • Northern France
  • Ardennes
  • Rhineland
  • Central Europe

Individual Awards

DSC
16
Legion of Merit
4
Silver Star
258
Soldiers Medal
16
Bronze Star
2,029
Air Medal
92

PWs Taken 8,661

COMPOSITION

ORGANIC UNITS

  • 109th Infantry
  • 110th Infantry
  • 112th Infantry
  • 28th Reconnaissance Troop (Mecz)
  • 103d Engineer Combat Battalion
  • 103d Medical Battalion
  • 28th Division Artillery
  • 107th Field Artillery Battalion (105 Howitzer)
  • 109th Field Artillery Battalion (105 Howitzer)
  • 229th Field Artillery Battalion (105 Howitzer)
  • 108st Field Artillery Battalion (155 Howitzer)
  • Special Troops
  • 728th Ordnance Light Maintenance Company
  • 28th Quartermaster Company
  • 28th Signal Company
  • Military Police Platoon
  • Headquarters Company
  • Band

ATTACHMENTS

Antiaircraft Artillery

447th AAA AW Bn (Mbl) 27 Jul 44-30 Jul 44
18th AAA Gp 28 Jul 44-25 Aug 44
447th AAA AW Bn (Mbl) 26 Aug 44-30 Sep 44
447th AAA AW Bn (Mbl) 19 Jan 45-4 Jul 45
321st AAA Gp 18 Apr 45-22 Apr 45
446th AAA AW Bn (Mbl) 18 Apr 45-22 Apr 45

Armored

744th Tk Bn 30 Jul 44-27 Aug 44
707th Tk Bn 6 Oct 44-8 Jan 45
CC B (9th Armd Div) 9 Jan 45-10 Jan 45
2 plats Co B 709th Tk Bn 1 Feb 45-3 Feb 45
777th Tk Bn 28 Feb 45-26 Mar 45

Cavalry

113th Cav Gp 29 Jul 44-2 Aug 44
113th Cav Gp 2 Aug 44-4 Aug 44
85th Cav Rcn Sq (5th Armd Div) 7 Sep 44-9 Sep 44
32d Cav Rcn Sq 19 Nov 44-10 Dec 44

Chemical

Co D 87th Cml Bn 26 Oct 44-4 Nov 44
Co C 86th Cml Mort Bn 28 Oct 44-15 Nov 44
86th Cml Mort Bn (- Co C) 28 Oct 44- 19 Nov 44
Co A 86th Cml Mort Bn 1 Mar 45-14 Mar 45

Engineer

20th & 1340th Engr C Bns 1171st Engr C Gp 24 Oct 44-19 Nov 44
146th Engr C Bn (- Co B) 30 Oct 44-19 Nov 44
44th Engr C Bn  17 Dec 44-22 Dec 44
209th Engr C Bn 20 Jan 45-5 Feb 45
1282d Engr C Bn 27 Apr 45-20 May 45
1158th Engr C Gp  28 Apr 45-20 May 45
288th Engr C Bn 28 Apr 45-20 May 45
1286th Engr C Bn 28 Apr 45-20 May 45

Field Artillery

18th FA Bn (105 How)  1 Aug 44-6 Aug 44 
187th FA Bn (155 How)  30 Aug 44-3 Sep 44 
Btry A 987th FA Bn (155 Gun)  7 Oct 44-9 Nov 44 
76th FA Bn (105 How)  28 Oct 44-19 Nov 44 
687th FA Bn (105 How)  19 Nov 44-1 Jan 45 
58th Armd FA Bn  17 Dec 44-23 Dec 44 
770th FA Bn (4.5" Gun)  24 Dec 44-29 Dec 44 
73d Armd FA Bn (9th Armd Div)  24 Dec 44-29 Dec 44 
Fr 20th Mule Co  20 Jan 45-1 Feb 45 
Fr 14th Mule Co  20 Jan 45-7 Feb 45 
283d FA Bn (105 How) 28 Jan 45- 11 Feb 45
494th Armd FA Bn (12th Armd Div) 4 Feb 45-9 Feb 45
495th Armd FA Bn (12th Armd Div) 7 Feb 45 -10 Feb 45
773d FA Bn (4.5" Gun) 12 Feb 45-17 Feb 45
253d Armd FA Bn 19 Mar 45-21 Apr 45
658th FA Bn (8" How) 18 Apr 45-22 Apr 45
761st FA Bn (155 How) 18 Apr 45-22 Apr 45
790th FA Bn (8" How) 18 Apr 45-22 Apr 45

Infantry

12th CT (4th Div)  6 Nov 44-10 Nov 44
42d FA Bn (4th Div) (105 How) 6 Nov 44-10 Nov 44 
1st plat Co B 4th Engr C Bn (4th Div) 6 Nov 44-10 Nov 44 
Co A 801st TD Bn (SP) 6 Nov 44-10 Nov 44 
2d Ranger Inf Bn  14 Nov 44-19 Nov 44 
Fr 2d Bn (Fr 2d Military Region) 2 Jan 45-16 Jan 45 
Fr 6th Bn (Fr 2d Military Region) 2 Jan 45-16 Jan 45 
Fr 8th Bn (Fr 2d Military Region) 2 Jan 45-16 Jan 45 
Fr 9th Bn (Fr 2d Military Region) 2 Jan 45-16 Jan 45
Fr 4th Bn (Fr 2d Military Region) 2 Jan 45-16 Jan 45
Fr 4th Bn (Fr 20th Military Region) 2 Jan 45-16 Jan 45
Fr 5th Bn (Fr 20th Military Region) 2 Jan 45-16 Jan 45 
Fr 14th Bn (Fr 20th Military Region) 2 Jan 45-16 Jan 45 
106th Inf Co Fr 3d Bn 2 Jan 45-16 Jan 45 
302d CT (94th Div) 8 Jan 45-10 Jan 45
356th FA Bn (94th Div) (105 How) 8 Jan 45-10 Jan 45
1 plat Co B 319th Engr C Bn (94th Div) 8 Jan 45-10 Jan 45
2d Bn Dutch 13th Regt Limberg 11 Apr 45 -18 Apr 45
2d Co Belg 22d Fusilliers Bn 18 Apr 45-22 Apr 45
4th Co Belg 22d Fusilliers Bn 18 Apr 45-22 Apr 45
Fr 146th Inf Regt 5 May 45-44 Jul 45

Tank Destroyer

630th TD Bn (T)  20 Jul 44-30 Sep 44 
803d TD Bn (SP)  2 Aug 44-4 Aug 44 
629th TD Bn (SP)  16 Sep 44-30 Sep 44 
741st TD Bn  19 Sep 44-30 Sep 44 
893d TD Bn (SP) (- Co A)  29 Oct 44-19 Nov 44 
602d TD Bn (SP) (-)  24 Dec 44-31 Dec 44 
7th TD Gp (-)  27 Dec 44-30 Dec 44 
630th TD Bn (T)  19 Jan 45-13 Mar 45 
Co B 612th TD Bn (SP)  2 Mar 45-5 Mar 45 
Co A 661st TD Bn (SP)  5 Mar 45-16 Mar 45 
Co B 607th TD Bn (T)  18 Mar 45-21 Mar 45 
630th TD Bn (T)  3 Apr 45-8 Apr45 
630th TD Bn (T)  24 Apr 45-4 Jul 45

 

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